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        <h2 id="创建系统快照"><a href="#创建系统快照" class="headerlink" title="创建系统快照"></a>创建系统快照</h2><p>创建系统快照是 Linux Mint 19 的重要建议，可以使用与更新管理器捆绑的 Timeshift 应用程序轻松完成创建与恢复。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>这个阶段很重要，万一出现令人遗憾的事件，比如安装破坏系统的应用程序，你始终可以恢复到系统副本。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/pbx7uUr.png" alt=""></p>
<h2 id="启用国内软件源"><a href="#启用国内软件源" class="headerlink" title="启用国内软件源"></a>启用国内软件源</h2><p>将主要和基础两个镜像设置为国内的最快的镜像，这里用 ustc （科大）镜像：</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/95mjNzv.png" alt=""></p>
<h2 id="设置-Redshift-保护眼睛健康"><a href="#设置-Redshift-保护眼睛健康" class="headerlink" title="设置 Redshift 保护眼睛健康"></a>设置 Redshift 保护眼睛健康</h2><p>Night Light 已迅速成为桌面操作系统和手持设备的一项必备功能。该功能有助于过滤蓝光，因而减轻视觉疲劳。你要做的就是启动 Redshift 应用程序（它默认安装），将其设置成自动启动。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/VLa6WIz.png" alt=""></p>
<h2 id="设置防火墙"><a href="#设置防火墙" class="headerlink" title="设置防火墙"></a>设置防火墙</h2><p>Linux Mint 19 预装 UFW （简单防火墙）。你只要在菜单中搜索 ufw 并激活它。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/cXKXgYO.png" alt=""></p>
<h2 id="卸载自带软件"><a href="#卸载自带软件" class="headerlink" title="卸载自带软件"></a>卸载自带软件</h2><p>linux mint 会自带一些国内不常用的软件，需要卸载。</p>
<h3 id="卸载自带音乐播放器-rhythmbox"><a href="#卸载自带音乐播放器-rhythmbox" class="headerlink" title="卸载自带音乐播放器 rhythmbox"></a>卸载自带音乐播放器 rhythmbox</h3><p><code>$ sudo apt remove rhythmbox</code></p>
<h3 id="卸载自带即时通讯工具-hexchat"><a href="#卸载自带即时通讯工具-hexchat" class="headerlink" title="卸载自带即时通讯工具 hexchat"></a>卸载自带即时通讯工具 hexchat</h3><p><code>$ sudo apt remove hexchat</code></p>
<h3 id="卸载自带-libreoffice"><a href="#卸载自带-libreoffice" class="headerlink" title="卸载自带 libreoffice"></a>卸载自带 libreoffice</h3><p>只卸载文字（libreoffice-writer）与表格（libreoffice-calc）和幻灯片（libreoffice-impress）：</p>
<p><code>$ sudo apt remove libreoffice-impress libreoffice-writer libreoffice-calc</code></p>
<p><del>完全卸载，不要漏掉通配符“?”，否则无法清除/卸载全部 LibreOffice 软件包：</del></p>
<p><del><code>$ sudo apt-get purge libreoffice?</code></del></p>
<h3 id="卸载自带词典-xfce4-dict"><a href="#卸载自带词典-xfce4-dict" class="headerlink" title="卸载自带词典 xfce4-dict"></a>卸载自带词典 xfce4-dict</h3><p><code>$ sudo apt remove xfce4-dict</code></p>
<h2 id="安装常用软件"><a href="#安装常用软件" class="headerlink" title="安装常用软件"></a>安装常用软件</h2><h3 id="安装-apt-fast"><a href="#安装-apt-fast" class="headerlink" title="安装 apt-fast"></a>安装 apt-fast</h3><p>apt-fast 是一款替代 apt-get 提升下载速度的软件，安装软件时，通过增加线程使下载软件速度加快。apt-fast 本身其实就是一个脚本，所以安装特别简单，都不需要编译的。</p>
<p><code>$ git clone https://github.com/ilikenwf/apt-fast.git</code></p>
<p><code>$ cd apt-fast</code></p>
<p><code>$ sudo ./quick-install.sh</code></p>
<p>也可以到<code>/etc/apt-fast.conf</code>自行修改，详情查看 apt-fast 的<code>README.md</code>文件。</p>
<p><em>注：脚本<code>quick-install.sh</code>会自动安装 aria2。</em></p>
<h3 id="解决汉化不完全的问题"><a href="#解决汉化不完全的问题" class="headerlink" title="解决汉化不完全的问题"></a>解决汉化不完全的问题</h3><p>全新安装的 linux mint 中文版即使完全安装了简体中文语言包也会有汉化不完全的问题。<br>参照网上的解决办法：</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/b0wUxcb.png" alt=""></p>
<p><code>$ sudo apt-fast install language-pack-zh-hans language-pack-gnome-zh-hans libreoffice-l10n-zh-cn thunderbird-locale-zh-hans firefox-locale-zh-hans</code></p>
<h3 id="安装中文输入法"><a href="#安装中文输入法" class="headerlink" title="安装中文输入法"></a>安装中文输入法</h3><h4 id="安装谷歌拼音输入法"><a href="#安装谷歌拼音输入法" class="headerlink" title="安装谷歌拼音输入法"></a>安装谷歌拼音输入法</h4><p>搜狗拼音好用是好用，就是问题太多，资源占用也比较大，所以使用谷歌拼音输入法。</p>
<p>使用软件管理器安装以下组件：</p>
<pre><code>基础组件：fcitx
配置组件：fcitx-config-gtk
图标组件：fcitx-ui-classic
谷歌拼音：fcitx-googlepinyin
</code></pre><p><code>$ sudo apt-fast install fcitx fcitx-config-gtk fcitx-ui-classic fcitx-googlepinyin</code></p>
<p>安装完成后注销或者重启即可。</p>
<p><em>提示：安装系统默认中文输入法后如果系统的字体显示会出现变化，下面会介绍解决办法。</em></p>
<p><del>#### 安装搜狗拼音输入法</del></p>
<p><del>到官网 <a href="https://pinyin.sogou.com/linux/?r=pinyin" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://pinyin.sogou.com/linux/?r=pinyin</a> 下载，双击已下载的 deb 安装包 sogoupinyin_2.2.0.0108_amd64.deb，包管理器会解决依赖问题，然后自动安装。</del></p>
<h3 id="安装中文字体"><a href="#安装中文字体" class="headerlink" title="安装中文字体"></a>安装中文字体</h3><ul>
<li>新建文件夹：<code>/usr/share/fonts/myFontsFromWin10</code> </li>
<li><p>复制 windows 10 下<code>c:\Windows\Fonts\</code>的字体</p>
<p>微软雅黑：msyh.ttc </p>
<p>微软雅黑：msyhbd.ttc</p>
<p>楷体：simkai.ttf</p>
<p>新宋体： simsun.ttc</p>
<p>黑体：simhei.ttf</p>
<p>仿宋：simfang.ttf</p>
<p>宋体：simsunb.ttf</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>到<code>/usr/share/fonts/myFontsFromWin10</code>目录下。</p>
<ul>
<li>控制台进入<code>/usr/share/fonts/myFontsFromWin10</code>目录，执行</li>
</ul>
<p><code>$ sudo mkfontale</code></p>
<p><code>$ sudo mkfontdir</code></p>
<ul>
<li>检查字体 </li>
</ul>
<p><code>$ fc-list | grep myFonts*</code></p>
<p>以后就可以方便设置和使用这些字体了，顺便解决安装系统默认输入法后字体变化问题。</p>
<h3 id="安装谷歌浏览器-chrome"><a href="#安装谷歌浏览器-chrome" class="headerlink" title="安装谷歌浏览器 chrome"></a>安装谷歌浏览器 chrome</h3><p>从官网 <a href="https://www.google.com/chrome/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.google.com/chrome/</a> 下载，双击已下载的deb安装包<code>google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb</code>自动安装。</p>
<h4 id="添加谷歌访问助手扩展插件"><a href="#添加谷歌访问助手扩展插件" class="headerlink" title="添加谷歌访问助手扩展插件"></a>添加谷歌访问助手扩展插件</h4><p>打开 chrome，打开扩展程序，打开开发者模式，将已下载的文件“谷歌访问助手XXX.crx”拖到扩展程序页面，添加扩展程序即可。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/MTsrNL0.png" alt=""></p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/qFhhwaa.png" alt=""></p>
<h3 id="安装多媒体插件"><a href="#安装多媒体插件" class="headerlink" title="安装多媒体插件"></a>安装多媒体插件</h3><p>Linux Mint 19 整合了多种媒体播放器，但仍缺少一些多媒体代码，因此播放某些媒体文件可能是个问题。运行下列命令来安装媒体插件，享受出色的电影观赏和音乐聆听体验。</p>
<p><code>$ sudo apt-fast install mint-meta-codecs</code></p>
<h3 id="安装网易云音乐播放器"><a href="#安装网易云音乐播放器" class="headerlink" title="安装网易云音乐播放器"></a>安装网易云音乐播放器</h3><p>官方版本（目前版本：netease-cloud-music_1.1.0_amd64_ubuntu.deb）的网易云音乐播放器有启动不了的 bug，网上修复也有很多问题，这里使用第三方的替代品 ieaseMusic。<br>项目地址：<a href="https://github.com/trazyn/ieaseMusic" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/trazyn/ieaseMusic</a>。<br>双击已下载的 deb 安装包<code>ieaseMusic-1.3.2-linux-amd64.deb</code>开始自动安装。</p>
<h3 id="安装在线视频播放"><a href="#安装在线视频播放" class="headerlink" title="安装在线视频播放"></a>安装在线视频播放</h3><p>在线视频方面，Funplayer 更名为 Moonplayer（月亮播放器），而且一直在活跃更新中。目前已经较为成熟完善了，而且最近作者可能得到了某些志愿者美工的帮助，换了一套较为大气、漂亮的界面。站长薄荷君觉得非常有必要重新介绍一下 Linux 用户喜爱的“月亮播放器”。<br>在 LinuxMint/Ubuntu 系列系统中，使用如下 PPA 安装月亮播放器：</p>
<p><code>$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cos-lyk/moonsoft</code></p>
<p><code>$ sudo apt-fast update</code></p>
<p><code>$ sudo apt-fast install moonplayer</code></p>
<h3 id="安装截图软件"><a href="#安装截图软件" class="headerlink" title="安装截图软件"></a>安装截图软件</h3><h4 id="shutter"><a href="#shutter" class="headerlink" title="shutter"></a>shutter</h4><p>可编辑的截图软件，使用软件管理器安装。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/lI4Ah8H.png" alt=""></p>
<h5 id="修复shutter不能使用编辑截图的问题"><a href="#修复shutter不能使用编辑截图的问题" class="headerlink" title="修复shutter不能使用编辑截图的问题"></a>修复shutter不能使用编辑截图的问题</h5><p>安装了截图工具 Shutter 后，编辑按钮变成灰色。要重新启用“编辑”选项，Shutter 需要<code>libgoo-canvas-perl</code>库。使用已下载的 deb 包安装：</p>
<pre><code>libgoocanvas3_1.0.0-1_amd64.deb
libgoocanvas-common_1.0.0-1_all.deb
libgoo-canvas-perl_0.06-2ubuntu3_amd64.deb
</code></pre><p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/Tn6oTLN.png" alt=""></p>
<h4 id="hotshots"><a href="#hotshots" class="headerlink" title="hotshots"></a>hotshots</h4><p>跨平台的截图工具。能添加文字、箭头、圆形、矩形、直线、贝塞尔曲线、图片、高亮荧光效果。如果不能用 shutter 编辑截图的话，就用 hotshots 替代。</p>
<h3 id="安装录屏软件"><a href="#安装录屏软件" class="headerlink" title="安装录屏软件"></a>安装录屏软件</h3><h4 id="vokscreen"><a href="#vokscreen" class="headerlink" title="vokscreen"></a>vokscreen</h4><p>使用软件管理器安装。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/JJvEd79.png" alt=""></p>
<h4 id="peek"><a href="#peek" class="headerlink" title="peek"></a>peek</h4><p>AUR 上人气很高的屏幕录像工具，小巧玲珑，可保存录像为 gif 动图和兼容于 html5 的 webm 视频。</p>
<p>使用软件管理器安装。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/5xA5gLe.png" alt=""></p>
<h3 id="安装下载工具-uget"><a href="#安装下载工具-uget" class="headerlink" title="安装下载工具 uget"></a>安装下载工具 uget</h3><p><code>$ sudo apt-fast install uget</code></p>
<h4 id="配置-Chrome-调用-uGet-下载"><a href="#配置-Chrome-调用-uGet-下载" class="headerlink" title="配置 Chrome 调用 uGet 下载"></a>配置 Chrome 调用 uGet 下载</h4><h5 id="安装-uget-integrator"><a href="#安装-uget-integrator" class="headerlink" title="安装 uget-integrator"></a>安装 uget-integrator</h5><p><code>$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:uget-team/ppa</code></p>
<p><code>$ sudo apt update</code></p>
<p><code>$ sudo apt-fast install uget-integrator</code></p>
<h5 id="chrome-安装-uget-扩展"><a href="#chrome-安装-uget-扩展" class="headerlink" title="chrome 安装 uget 扩展"></a>chrome 安装 uget 扩展</h5><p>在 chrome 应用商店搜索<code>uGet Integration</code>，添加即可。</p>
<h3 id="安装翻译词典-goldendict"><a href="#安装翻译词典-goldendict" class="headerlink" title="安装翻译词典 goldendict"></a>安装翻译词典 goldendict</h3><p>强大的翻译软件，有离线词典（需要下载，然后添加）。使用软件管理器安装。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/Wxc4t2l.png" alt=""></p>
<h3 id="安装深度终端"><a href="#安装深度终端" class="headerlink" title="安装深度终端"></a>安装深度终端</h3><p>可分屏的终端模拟器。使用软件管理器安装。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/dqvWYXi.png" alt=""></p>
<h3 id="安装-gnome-系统监视器"><a href="#安装-gnome-系统监视器" class="headerlink" title="安装 gnome 系统监视器"></a>安装 gnome 系统监视器</h3><p>较全面的任务管理器。使用软件管理器安装。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/r9Dl3QP.png" alt=""></p>
<h3 id="安装硬件信息查看工具"><a href="#安装硬件信息查看工具" class="headerlink" title="安装硬件信息查看工具"></a>安装硬件信息查看工具</h3><p>使用软件管理器安装。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/BMy7I0Q.png" alt=""></p>
<h3 id="安装文件比较工具"><a href="#安装文件比较工具" class="headerlink" title="安装文件比较工具"></a>安装文件比较工具</h3><p>使用软件管理器安装。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/210EODj.png" alt=""></p>
<h3 id="安装即时通讯工具"><a href="#安装即时通讯工具" class="headerlink" title="安装即时通讯工具"></a>安装即时通讯工具</h3><p>腾讯官方没有 linux 版本的 QQ 和微信客户端。只能使用第三方打包的软件。</p>
<p>QQ&amp;TIM 项目地址：<a href="https://github.com/askme765cs/Wine-QQ-TIM" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/askme765cs/Wine-QQ-TIM</a></p>
<p>微信项目地址：<a href="https://github.com/geeeeeeeeek/electronic-wechat" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/geeeeeeeeek/electronic-wechat</a></p>
<p>或者另外一个微信项目：<a href="https://github.com/trazyn/weweChat" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/trazyn/weweChat</a></p>
<h4 id="安装-QQ"><a href="#安装-QQ" class="headerlink" title="安装 QQ"></a>安装 QQ</h4><p>使用已经下载的软件包：Wine-QQ.AppImage</p>
<p>创建快捷方式：<code>/home/elinuxboy/.local/share/applications/wine-qq.desktop</code></p>
<p>内容如下（具体位置需要修改，其中图标需要另行下载）：</p>
<div><div class="fold_hider"><div class="close hider_title">点击显示/隐藏内容</div></div><div class="fold">
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[Desktop Entry]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span> 快捷方式的名称</span><br><span class="line">Name=QQ轻聊版</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span> 注释</span><br><span class="line">Comment=Linux下QQ的替代品wine-qq.</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span> AppImage qq所在的文件路径</span><br><span class="line">Exec=/mnt/backup/软件/linux/software/qq&amp;weixin/Wine-QQ.AppImage %U</span><br><span class="line">Terminal=false</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span> 图标</span><br><span class="line">Icon=/mnt/backup/软件/linux/software/qq&amp;weixin/qq.png   </span><br><span class="line">Type=Application</span><br><span class="line">Categories=Network</span><br><span class="line">StartupNotify=true</span><br><span class="line">TryExec=/mnt/backup/软件/linux/software/qq&amp;weixin/Wine-QQ.AppImage</span><br><span class="line">Name[zh_CN]=QQ轻聊版</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</div></div>
<h4 id="安装-TIM"><a href="#安装-TIM" class="headerlink" title="安装 TIM"></a>安装 TIM</h4><p>使用软件包 Wine-TIM.AppImage,<br>快捷方式类同 qq 的快捷方式创建</p>
<h4 id="安装微信"><a href="#安装微信" class="headerlink" title="安装微信"></a>安装微信</h4><p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/xeZXCGI.png" alt=""></p>
<p>下载后解压缩 electronic-wechat-linux-x64.tar.gz。<br>创建快捷方式与 QQ 类似。</p>
<h3 id="安装远程桌面管理软件"><a href="#安装远程桌面管理软件" class="headerlink" title="安装远程桌面管理软件"></a>安装远程桌面管理软件</h3><p>去官网 <a href="https://www.teamviewer.com/cn/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.teamviewer.com/cn/</a> 下载deb安装包安装。</p>
<h3 id="安装超酷的-cat-替代命令-bat"><a href="#安装超酷的-cat-替代命令-bat" class="headerlink" title="安装超酷的 cat 替代命令 bat"></a>安装超酷的 cat 替代命令 bat</h3><p>项目地址：<a href="https://github.com/sharkdp/bat" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/sharkdp/bat</a></p>
<p>使用已下载的 deb 包<code>bat_0.8.0_amd64.deb</code>安装。</p>
<h3 id="安装编辑软件Sublime"><a href="#安装编辑软件Sublime" class="headerlink" title="安装编辑软件Sublime"></a>安装编辑软件Sublime</h3><p>非常轻量、非常好用的代码编辑软件，使用软件管理器安装。</p>
<h4 id="中文输入修复"><a href="#中文输入修复" class="headerlink" title="中文输入修复"></a>中文输入修复</h4><pre><code>## Sublime Text 3 输入法(Fcitx)修复[Ubuntu(Debian)]
+ 修复 Sublime Text 3&apos;s 在 Ubuntu(Debian) 系统下的无法输入中文(CJK 字符)的问题
+ 修复中文对齐问题
</code></pre><p><code>$ git clone https://github.com/lyfeyaj/sublime-text-imfix.git</code></p>
<p><code>$ cd sublime-text-imfix</code></p>
<p><code>$ sudo ./sublime-imfix</code></p>
<h3 id="安装-git-图形界面"><a href="#安装-git-图形界面" class="headerlink" title="安装 git 图形界面"></a>安装 git 图形界面</h3><h4 id="GitKraken"><a href="#GitKraken" class="headerlink" title="GitKraken"></a>GitKraken</h4><p>AUR 里人气很高的一个 Git 客户端。使用软件管理器安装。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/axALn4P.png" alt=""></p>
<h4 id="smartgit"><a href="#smartgit" class="headerlink" title="smartgit"></a>smartgit</h4><p>使用软件管理器安装。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/UWcLufZ.png" alt=""></p>
<h5 id="SmartGit-过期破解"><a href="#SmartGit-过期破解" class="headerlink" title="SmartGit 过期破解"></a>SmartGit 过期破解</h5><p>找到并删除文件：  ~/.smartgit/</p>
<h3 id="安装虚拟机-vmware-workstations"><a href="#安装虚拟机-vmware-workstations" class="headerlink" title="安装虚拟机 vmware workstations"></a>安装虚拟机 vmware workstations</h3><p>到官网下载。使用已下载的包<code>VMware-Workstation-Full-14.1.1-7528167.x86_64.bundle</code>。</p>
<p>在终端执行命令安装：</p>
<p><code>$ sudo ./VMware-Workstation-Full-14.1.1-7528167.x86_64.bundle</code></p>
<h3 id="安装办公软件-wps"><a href="#安装办公软件-wps" class="headerlink" title="安装办公软件 wps"></a>安装办公软件 wps</h3><p>著名的国产 Office 套件，需要上wps官网下载。</p>
<p>使用已下载的 deb 包<code>wps-office_10.1.0.6757_amd64.deb</code>安装</p>
<h4 id="解决-wps-提示字体缺失问题"><a href="#解决-wps-提示字体缺失问题" class="headerlink" title="解决 wps 提示字体缺失问题"></a>解决 wps 提示字体缺失问题</h4><p>使用已下载的 deb 包<code>symbol-fonts_1.2_all.deb</code>安装。</p>
<h3 id="安装-npm"><a href="#安装-npm" class="headerlink" title="安装 npm"></a>安装 npm</h3><p><code>$ sudo apt-fast install npm</code></p>
<h4 id="淘宝-npm"><a href="#淘宝-npm" class="headerlink" title="淘宝 npm"></a>淘宝 npm</h4><p>国内使用 npm 太慢的话，可以使用淘宝 npm。<br>淘宝 npm 地址： <a href="http://npm.taobao.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://npm.taobao.org/</a></p>
<h5 id="临时使用"><a href="#临时使用" class="headerlink" title="临时使用"></a>临时使用</h5><p><code>$ npm --registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org install express</code></p>
<h5 id="通过-cnpm-使用"><a href="#通过-cnpm-使用" class="headerlink" title="通过 cnpm 使用"></a>通过 cnpm 使用</h5><h6 id="配置镜像"><a href="#配置镜像" class="headerlink" title="配置镜像"></a>配置镜像</h6><p><code>$ npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org</code></p>
<h6 id="使用"><a href="#使用" class="headerlink" title="使用"></a>使用</h6><p><code>$ cnpm install express</code></p>
<h2 id="更新升级系统"><a href="#更新升级系统" class="headerlink" title="更新升级系统"></a>更新升级系统</h2><p><code>$ sudo apt update</code> </p>
<p><code>$ sudo apt-fast upgrade -y</code></p>
<h2 id="解决关机重启时间过长问题"><a href="#解决关机重启时间过长问题" class="headerlink" title="解决关机重启时间过长问题"></a>解决关机重启时间过长问题</h2><p>LinuxMint/Ubuntu 关机重启等待 90 秒问题的解决办法：</p>
<ol>
<li>安装 watchdog</li>
</ol>
<p><code>$ sudo apt-fast install watchdog</code></p>
<ol start="2">
<li>开启 watchdog 服务</li>
</ol>
<p><code>$ sudo systemctl enable watchdog.service</code></p>
<ol start="3">
<li>马上启用 watchdog 服务</li>
</ol>
<p><code>$ sudo systemctl start watchdog.service</code></p>
<p>只需上述三步，关机等待 90 秒就消失了。</p>
<h2 id="双系统时间同步"><a href="#双系统时间同步" class="headerlink" title="双系统时间同步"></a>双系统时间同步</h2><p>装了 windows10 和 linux mint 19 双系统，仍然出现了喜闻乐见的老问题，装完后，在 windows 下时区不对。</p>
<ul>
<li>方法一：</li>
</ul>
<p><code>$ sudo xed /etc/default/rcS</code></p>
<p>更改 utc=yes 改成 utc=no，如若没有此行，直接添加即可</p>
<ul>
<li>方法二：</li>
</ul>
<p><code>$ sudo apt-fast install ntpdate</code></p>
<p><code>$ sudo ntpdate time.windows.com</code></p>
<p>然后将时间更新到硬件上：</p>
<p><code>$ sudo hwclock --localtime --systohc</code></p>
<p>重新进入 windows10，发现时间恢复正常了！</p>
<h2 id="清洁系统"><a href="#清洁系统" class="headerlink" title="清洁系统"></a>清洁系统</h2><p>删除未完全安装的软件包：</p>
<p><code>$ sudo apt autoclean</code></p>
<p>删除 apt-cache：</p>
<p><code>$ sudo apt clean</code></p>
<p>删除不需要的软件依赖项：</p>
<p><code>$ sudo apt autoremove</code></p>
<h2 id="设置开始菜单（whisker-菜单）属性"><a href="#设置开始菜单（whisker-菜单）属性" class="headerlink" title="设置开始菜单（whisker 菜单）属性"></a>设置开始菜单（whisker 菜单）属性</h2><p>右键单击开始菜单》属性》行为》菜单》将菜单下的复选框全选上</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/y3Z4ygL.png" alt=""></p>
<p>效果如下：</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/yuW1YGf.png" alt=""></p>
<h2 id="将打开的窗口设置为扁平按钮"><a href="#将打开的窗口设置为扁平按钮" class="headerlink" title="将打开的窗口设置为扁平按钮"></a>将打开的窗口设置为扁平按钮</h2><p>右键单击面板》面板》面板首选项》项目》窗口管理》编辑当前选中的项目》外观》使用扁平按钮<br>设置面板时间显示</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/cY5A9tG.png" alt=""></p>
<p>右键单击面板》面板》面板选项》项目》时钟》编辑当前选中的项目》时钟选项》格式》自定义格式》将格式设置为：%Y 年 %m 月 %d 日 %T</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/7J3TrKs.png" alt=""></p>
<h2 id="使用-adb-连接-android-手机"><a href="#使用-adb-连接-android-手机" class="headerlink" title="使用 adb 连接 android 手机"></a>使用 adb 连接 android 手机</h2><h3 id="安装-adb"><a href="#安装-adb" class="headerlink" title="安装 adb"></a>安装 adb</h3><p><code>$ sudo apt-fast install adb</code></p>
<ul>
<li><p>新建文件 <code>cat /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules</code>，添加如下内容：</p>
<p>SUBSYSTEM==”usb”, ENV{DEVTYPE}==”usb_device”, MODE=”0666”</p>
</li>
<li><p>重启 udev</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p><code>$ sudo /etc/init.d/udev restart</code></p>
<ul>
<li>将手机用数据线连接电脑，使用终端操作手机（需在手机上开启USB调试）</li>
</ul>
<p><code>$ adb shell #shell</code></p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/GZ8iAAW.png" alt=""></p>
<h2 id="支持兼容-32bit-程序"><a href="#支持兼容-32bit-程序" class="headerlink" title="支持兼容 32bit 程序"></a>支持兼容 32bit 程序</h2><p>要运行 32bit 的程序，需要安装如下库：</p>
<p><code>$ sudo dpkg –add-architecture i386</code></p>
<p><code>$ sudo apt-fast install libc6:i386 lib32ncurses5 lib32stdc++6 ia32-libs lib32z1</code></p>
<h2 id="开机挂载-windows-格式的硬盘"><a href="#开机挂载-windows-格式的硬盘" class="headerlink" title="开机挂载 windows 格式的硬盘"></a>开机挂载 windows 格式的硬盘</h2><p><em>注意：该步骤会导致开机变慢</em></p>
<p>linux mint 系统默认不会开机挂载其他分区，为了方便使用其他分区，需要设置开机挂载其他分区。<br>开始菜单》附件》硬盘》选择硬盘》选择分区》其他分区选项》编辑挂载选项》设置挂载选项和挂载点。重启系统后会自动挂载了。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/nIf3zjV.png" alt=""></p>

      
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              <div class="post-toc-content"><ol class="nav"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#创建系统快照"><span class="nav-number">1.</span> <span class="nav-text">创建系统快照</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#启用国内软件源"><span class="nav-number">2.</span> <span class="nav-text">启用国内软件源</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#设置-Redshift-保护眼睛健康"><span class="nav-number">3.</span> <span class="nav-text">设置 Redshift 保护眼睛健康</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#设置防火墙"><span class="nav-number">4.</span> <span class="nav-text">设置防火墙</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#卸载自带软件"><span class="nav-number">5.</span> <span class="nav-text">卸载自带软件</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#卸载自带音乐播放器-rhythmbox"><span class="nav-number">5.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">卸载自带音乐播放器 rhythmbox</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#卸载自带即时通讯工具-hexchat"><span class="nav-number">5.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">卸载自带即时通讯工具 hexchat</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#卸载自带-libreoffice"><span class="nav-number">5.3.</span> <span class="nav-text">卸载自带 libreoffice</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#卸载自带词典-xfce4-dict"><span class="nav-number">5.4.</span> <span class="nav-text">卸载自带词典 xfce4-dict</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装常用软件"><span class="nav-number">6.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装常用软件</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装-apt-fast"><span class="nav-number">6.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装 apt-fast</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#解决汉化不完全的问题"><span class="nav-number">6.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">解决汉化不完全的问题</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装中文输入法"><span class="nav-number">6.3.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装中文输入法</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装谷歌拼音输入法"><span class="nav-number">6.3.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装谷歌拼音输入法</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装中文字体"><span class="nav-number">6.4.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装中文字体</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装谷歌浏览器-chrome"><span class="nav-number">6.5.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装谷歌浏览器 chrome</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#添加谷歌访问助手扩展插件"><span class="nav-number">6.5.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">添加谷歌访问助手扩展插件</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装多媒体插件"><span class="nav-number">6.6.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装多媒体插件</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装网易云音乐播放器"><span class="nav-number">6.7.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装网易云音乐播放器</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装在线视频播放"><span class="nav-number">6.8.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装在线视频播放</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装截图软件"><span class="nav-number">6.9.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装截图软件</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#shutter"><span class="nav-number">6.9.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">shutter</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-5"><a class="nav-link" href="#修复shutter不能使用编辑截图的问题"><span class="nav-number">6.9.1.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">修复shutter不能使用编辑截图的问题</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#hotshots"><span class="nav-number">6.9.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">hotshots</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装录屏软件"><span class="nav-number">6.10.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装录屏软件</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#vokscreen"><span class="nav-number">6.10.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">vokscreen</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#peek"><span class="nav-number">6.10.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">peek</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装下载工具-uget"><span class="nav-number">6.11.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装下载工具 uget</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#配置-Chrome-调用-uGet-下载"><span class="nav-number">6.11.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">配置 Chrome 调用 uGet 下载</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-5"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装-uget-integrator"><span class="nav-number">6.11.1.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装 uget-integrator</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-5"><a class="nav-link" href="#chrome-安装-uget-扩展"><span class="nav-number">6.11.1.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">chrome 安装 uget 扩展</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装翻译词典-goldendict"><span class="nav-number">6.12.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装翻译词典 goldendict</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装深度终端"><span class="nav-number">6.13.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装深度终端</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装-gnome-系统监视器"><span class="nav-number">6.14.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装 gnome 系统监视器</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装硬件信息查看工具"><span class="nav-number">6.15.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装硬件信息查看工具</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装文件比较工具"><span class="nav-number">6.16.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装文件比较工具</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装即时通讯工具"><span class="nav-number">6.17.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装即时通讯工具</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装-QQ"><span class="nav-number">6.17.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装 QQ</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装-TIM"><span class="nav-number">6.17.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装 TIM</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装微信"><span class="nav-number">6.17.3.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装微信</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装远程桌面管理软件"><span class="nav-number">6.18.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装远程桌面管理软件</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装超酷的-cat-替代命令-bat"><span class="nav-number">6.19.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装超酷的 cat 替代命令 bat</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装编辑软件Sublime"><span class="nav-number">6.20.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装编辑软件Sublime</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#中文输入修复"><span class="nav-number">6.20.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">中文输入修复</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装-git-图形界面"><span class="nav-number">6.21.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装 git 图形界面</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#GitKraken"><span class="nav-number">6.21.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">GitKraken</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#smartgit"><span class="nav-number">6.21.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">smartgit</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-5"><a class="nav-link" href="#SmartGit-过期破解"><span class="nav-number">6.21.2.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">SmartGit 过期破解</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装虚拟机-vmware-workstations"><span class="nav-number">6.22.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装虚拟机 vmware workstations</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装办公软件-wps"><span class="nav-number">6.23.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装办公软件 wps</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#解决-wps-提示字体缺失问题"><span class="nav-number">6.23.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">解决 wps 提示字体缺失问题</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装-npm"><span class="nav-number">6.24.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装 npm</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#淘宝-npm"><span class="nav-number">6.24.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">淘宝 npm</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-5"><a class="nav-link" href="#临时使用"><span class="nav-number">6.24.1.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">临时使用</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-5"><a class="nav-link" href="#通过-cnpm-使用"><span class="nav-number">6.24.1.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">通过 cnpm 使用</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-6"><a class="nav-link" href="#配置镜像"><span class="nav-number">6.24.1.2.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">配置镜像</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-6"><a class="nav-link" href="#使用"><span class="nav-number">6.24.1.2.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">使用</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#更新升级系统"><span class="nav-number">7.</span> <span class="nav-text">更新升级系统</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#解决关机重启时间过长问题"><span class="nav-number">8.</span> <span class="nav-text">解决关机重启时间过长问题</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#双系统时间同步"><span class="nav-number">9.</span> <span class="nav-text">双系统时间同步</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#清洁系统"><span class="nav-number">10.</span> <span class="nav-text">清洁系统</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#设置开始菜单（whisker-菜单）属性"><span class="nav-number">11.</span> <span class="nav-text">设置开始菜单（whisker 菜单）属性</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#将打开的窗口设置为扁平按钮"><span class="nav-number">12.</span> <span class="nav-text">将打开的窗口设置为扁平按钮</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#使用-adb-连接-android-手机"><span class="nav-number">13.</span> <span class="nav-text">使用 adb 连接 android 手机</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装-adb"><span class="nav-number">13.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装 adb</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#支持兼容-32bit-程序"><span class="nav-number">14.</span> <span class="nav-text">支持兼容 32bit 程序</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#开机挂载-windows-格式的硬盘"><span class="nav-number">15.</span> <span class="nav-text">开机挂载 windows 格式的硬盘</span></a></li></ol></div>
            

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